I believe the The RPM's of the diaphragm pump would be irrelevent to the RPM of your centrifuge (and I don't know what RPM the pump runs at, just approx flow rates) - From what I understand, the cetrifuge accepts the flow of fluid from the pump, and would simply require a steady stream of flow to work effectively. Do you know flow rate requirements of the centrifuge?
The diaphragm pump should be able to handle that. We see about 2-3 gpm with the diaphragm pump pumping biodiesel, of course depending on suction height and head and hose diameter. If you adapt it to push/suck through a 3/4" hose and place the pump below the fluid level of the biodiesel that you are pumping from, it will definitely achieve the speed that you need.
Based on the above info, a diaphragm pump will work to replace my broken A.O. Smith AC pump/motor currently connected to my centrifuge? That would be great news to me! I need a replacement pump for a 1/2 horsepower, gear pump.
The diaphragm pump does work very well in applications which require some pressure and continuous pumping. The only issue any users have had is getting a high enough flow rate to their needs, since the pump will only handle 2-3 gpm depending on how viscous the oil is and head, suction height etc...